弹奏吉他，怎么数节拍？
Hi. This is Hub Guitar.
Let's talk about counting and awareness of the beat.
Counting is one of the most basic musical skills. And if you're ever in a large band where each member has a smaller part to play, you simply can't get by without counting. Even several minutes of rests can be a difficult part to perform -- because you have to be ready exactly when your part is going to come in. If not, you could ruin the entire thing by coming in at the exactly wrong beat and throw everydody off.
You should count before you begin playing, especially with a metronome, as this will help you get in the groove.
If you're trying to imagine a part in your head, or figure out how it goes, or just follow along with some music you can count and tap or count and conduct. I'm going to show you both of that.
One important thing to remember is that eventually you will internalize the beat. You'll basically just know when you're playing 1, 2, 3 or 4. You won't need to say the names of those beats in your head in order to keep track of them. And that's how you'll know you're getting it.
Counting is one of the basic skills and it's crucial to learn if you want to play the guitar or any instrument. Fortunately, it's not that difficult. You've just got to deliberately practice it, and it will become second nature.
为什么要学习数节拍
学习怎样数节拍是建立节奏感的第一步。
当你刚开始弹吉他的时候，你一般都会发现基本上所有的音乐都有4拍（4 pulseUsually used to indicate the repetition of a single rhythmic value. This pulse can then be used to create sub-divisions and other rhythms.），也就是说，不管其中是四分音符还是八分音符组成的节奏，时长都是4拍（4beatA word meant to describe the pulses by which music is organized (as in beats per minute), but also often used to describe the unique nature of its rhythm.s）为一组。
有的时候你可以很清晰的听到音乐中的节拍，特别是有鼓声在音乐里面的时候。然而，我们并不需要去听拍子来判断这个节奏是由什么组成的，就像是一个建筑师在图纸上设计，他根据图表来画出精确的线条，一旦你把图表擦除以后，这幅设计图仍然相同。
由于在弹奏吉他时，弹准拍子是最最重要的事情之一，而数拍子能够帮助你跟上曲子的节拍，加强节奏感。
怎样学习数节拍
如果你正在尝试弹奏某首曲子的话，不用中断去数拍子，而是要在你听曲子的时候来锻炼数拍子，这样会更容易学。
辨识拍子
拍子（meterThe rhythmic division of music. Meter contains two parts. The first is beat grouping. Most music has a 4-pulse beat grouping. The second is the unit that is used to measure those beats. This unit is most often either the quarter note or the eighth note. So a meter with four beat grouping, measured in quarter notes is called “4/4”, otherwise known as common meter.）指的是节拍分组的方式。比如4拍或3拍。假设音乐是4拍的正确率会比较高，所以你可以先试试数4拍看看对不对。
跟着打拍子
节拍是连续和平稳的，而且每一拍都相同，用手或脚打节拍可以帮助你自己弹到点上。
跟着数拍子
如果是4拍的话，像这样数拍子：
“1, 2, 3, 4”
这最基本的四拍称为正拍（downbeatThe beats that compose the main pulse. They are counted numerically (1, 2, 3, 4).s），当然，你可以把一拍分为几等份，点击这里学习怎样理解节拍。
一般来说你只需要数正拍，但有时你会需要数八分音符，这就叫反拍，数的时候用“and”这个词连在一起，就这样以此类推：
“1–and–2–and–3–and–4–and”
高级：指挥
指挥是指挥者用身体动作来控制节拍速度。在四拍一小节中，第一拍手往下挥，第二排往左，第三排往右，第四排往上，这十分有用，因为你可以用手来数节拍，比如当你的手往左挥时，那一定是第二拍。
弹奏时怎么样数节拍
边听音乐边打拍子是天性，但也会让你的演奏分心，下面这些建议能帮到你。
用脚打拍子
当你弹吉他的时候，你不能用手来数拍子，除非你秘密的有三只手，所以最好用脚来边弹边打拍子。
唱谱
在心中默数拍子很容易会被其他东西打扰，所以我建议你大声唱出来，要做到这个其实并不容易，你要数“1, 2, 3, 4” 以及同时弹奏很多其中的节奏。
只数active的节拍
这个有点难，你要数出来全部的节拍（包括反拍），但是只数有音符的拍子。如果你看谱的话会简单一点，因为这样你可以说出每一个你弹奏的音符的名称，比如说：
你会这样数：1 and 3 and 1 and 2 and 4，脚踩在“1, 2, 3, 4”上。
始终数拍子
数着数着你可能会忘记数拍子，所以最好不断地提醒自己。
数拍子能帮助你什么？
数拍子会让你节奏感越来越好，最后节奏自然而然融入到你身体里，你不用想也知道你现在是在哪一拍上，比如虽然你心中没有数，但你会知道你是在第四拍上。这是你在时间节奏感上的基础知识。
尾声
如果你想要提高节奏感，你必须要学着去数拍子，不懂拍子，会让你在以后的学习过程中会越来越难。
本日练习
- 播放任意一首歌曲，跟着数节拍，思考这是什么拍子？你能够用节拍器分析出来它的节拍是什么吗？
- 扫几个和弦，边弹边打拍子
- 如果你已经学会读乐谱，试试边读边打拍子。用一首你已经会了的曲子也没问题。
As the creator of Hub Guitar, Grey has compiled hundreds of guitar lessons, written several books, and filmed hundreds of video lessons. He teaches private lessons in his Boston studio, as well as via video chat through TakeLessons.